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High blood sugar levels can have serious consequences on many body parts.

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High blood sugar     High blood sugar levels can have serious consequences on many body parts.  including the 1.       Nerves : Over time, high blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels that supply the nerves, leading to diabetic neuropathy. This can cause numbness, tingling, burning, or pain in the hands, feet, legs, arms, and other parts of the body. 2.       Eyes: High blood sugar levels can affect the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to diabetic retinopathy. This can cause vision loss, and in severe cases, blindness. 3.       Kidneys: High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to diabetic nephropathy. This can cause the kidneys to stop working properly, leading to kidney failure. 4.        Heart: High blood sugar levels can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke, as it can damage the blood vessels and make it harder for the heart to pump blood. 5.       Gums and te

APGAR SCORE

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Dr. Virginia Apgar was an American anesthesiologist and inventor of the Apgar Score, a quick assessment tool used to evaluate the physical condition of newborn babies. She was a pioneer in neonatology and made significant contributions to the field of maternal and newborn health.   The Apgar score is a quick assessment tool that evaluates a newborn baby's physical condition immediately after birth. It is based on a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the best possible score. The score is determined by evaluating the baby on five criteria Heart rate: 0 if absent, 1 if <100 beats per minute, 2 if >=100 beats per minute Respiratory effort: 0 if absent, 1 if slow or irregular, 2 if strong and crying Muscle tone: 0 if limp, 1 if some flexion, 2 if active motion Reflex irritability: 0 if no response, 1 if grimace, 2 if strong cry Color: 0 if blue/pale, 1 if body pink but extremities blue, 2 if all pink The score is determined by adding up the points for each criterion and providing an

Itchy skin Management

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                                 खुजली खुजली वाली त्वचा एक आम समस्या है जो पूरी दुनिया में कई लोगों को प्रभावित करती है। कारण खुजली वाली त्वचा कई कारकों के कारण हो सकती है, जिनमें एलर्जी, शुष्क त्वचा और त्वचा की स्थिति जैसे एक्जिमा, सोरायसिस और खुजली शामिल हैं। विभिन्न स्रोतों से एलर्जी, जैसे डिटर्जेंट, साबुन और कुछ कपड़े और सामग्री, खुजली वाली त्वचा का कारण हो सकते हैं। यह ध्यान रखना महत्वपूर्ण है कि कोई भी व्यक्ति अपने लिंग, आयु या जाति की परवाह किए बिना खुजली वाली त्वचा से प्रभावित हो सकता है। यह एलर्जी, रूखी त्वचा, और कुछ चिकित्सीय स्थितियों सहित कई प्रकार की चीजों के कारण हो सकता है। एक्जिमा के लक्षण क्या हैं? एक्जिमा एक त्वचा की स्थिति है जो सूखी, खुजली और पपड़ीदार त्वचा, लाल धब्बे, फटी और टूटी हुई त्वचा, सूजन या सूजन जैसे कई असहज लक्षण पैदा कर सकती है, और अधिक चरम मामलों में फफोले, त्वचा के रोते हुए पैच या गाढ़े पैच हो सकते हैं। छिलकेदार त्वचा। खुजली वाली त्वचा के प्रकार, कारण और उपलब्ध उपचारों को जानना महत्वपूर्ण है। प्रकार खुजली वाली त्वचा के प्रकारों में शामिल हो सकते हैं:

COURSE PLAN

PROFESSIONAL TRENDS & ADJUSTMENTS COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is designed to assist students to develop a broad understanding of Principles, concepts, trends and issues related to professional trends and adjustments. Further, it would provide opportunity to students to understand, appreciate and acquire skills in planning, supervision and management of nursing services at different levels to provide quality nursing services.   GENERAL OBJECTIVES Upon completion of the course, the student shall able to: 1.       Describe nursing as a profession 2.       Identify various professional responsibilities of a nurse 3.       Describe various professional organizations related to nursing 4.       Identify the need for in-service and continuing education in nursing 5.       Demonstration skills in application to knowledge of professional etiquettes in the practice of nursing in any healthcare setting. Nursing as a profession a.       a.      Definition of

INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES

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  IUCDs Intrauterine contraceptive have been in use for several decades. The closed devices like Grafenberg ring, and birnberg bow are obsolete now. Open devices like Copper T, Copper 7 and lippes loop were in use in 1980s.   Commonly used IUCDs in present day practice are:  Cu T 200, Cu T 380 A, Multiload 250, Multiload 350, Progestasert, Levonorgesterel intrauterine device and others. MECHANISM OF ACTION Mechanism of antifertility effects of IUCDs is not yet clear. PROBABLE FACTORS - It interferes with sperm transportation from the cervix to the fallopian tubes. - The IUCD inhibits sperm capacitation and survival (speroff et al, 1999). - It alters the biochemical or cellular composition of uterine fluid or both causing  impairment of the viability of gametes. - The copper ions released from the device interferes with sperm motility and creates a reaction that results in a spermicidal endometrium (Nelson, 2000). - Progestasert is thought to act through thickening the cervical mucus an

NURSING EDUCATION

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 PRACTICE QUESTION PAPER Q-1 Long answer type question:        1.1    Define communication. Mention elements of communication. Explain the barriers related to communication?   1.2    Describe the principles of guidance and counselling and explain why counselling is necessary in nursing?   1.3    Describe the aims of education. Explain relationship between philosophy and education?   Q-2 Short essays type question:                      2.1 Define learning. Mention the characteristics of learning?   2.2 Factors influencing effectiveness of A.V. aids?   2.3 Define in-service education. Discuss its importance and explain the steps in planning an in-service education?   2.4 management of crisis?   2.5 clinical teaching method?         Q-3 Short notes                                     3.1 define idealism?   3.2 OHP   3.3 Meaning of OSCE?   3.4 List qualities of good teacher?   3.5 Two difference between seminar and symposium?   3.6 Advanta